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Problem soils

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Problem Soils

🔘🔘🔘 Problem Soils 🔘🔘🔘

✅ 1. Saline Soils:

Saline soils, also known as white alkali or solonchak, have:

  • EC more than 4 dS m-1
  • ESP less than 15
  • pH less than 8.5
  • SAR less than 13

Reclamation involves leaching or flooding with good irrigation water and using acidic fertilizers like ammonium sulfate.

✅ 2. Saline-Alkali Soils:

These transitional soils have:

  • EC more than 4 dS m-1
  • ESP more than 15
  • pH around 8.5
  • SAR greater than 13

They can convert into saline or alkali soils.

✅ 3. Alkali or Sodic Soils:

Alkali soils, also known as black alkali, have:

  • EC less than 4 dS m-1
  • ESP more than 15
  • pH more than 8.5
  • SAR greater than 13

Reclamation involves replacing sodium with another cation and leaching with gypsum and good quality water.

✅ 4. Acid Soils:

Acidic soils have pH less than 7, with strongly acid soils having pH less than 5.

Reclamation involves adding liming materials like limestone, quicklime, or dolomitic limestone, and using basic fertilizers to neutralize acidity.

✅ Maximum Area under Different Soil Types:

  • Maximum area under Acid soil - Kerala
  • Maximum area under Saline soil - Gujarat
  • Maximum area under Alkali soil - Uttar Pradesh

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